廣告　商業(yè)廣告，理性選擇

　　自 2020 年以來(lái)，歐盟 (EU) 的燃油和潤(rùn)滑油價(jià)格經(jīng)歷了劇烈波動(dòng)，主要原因是新冠肺炎 (COVID-19) 疫情和俄羅斯持續(xù)入侵烏克蘭。根據(jù)歐盟統(tǒng)計(jì)局2024年10月8日發(fā)布的最新報(bào)告，在2022年達(dá)到歷史新高后，價(jià)格出現(xiàn)了大幅波動(dòng)，2023年和2024年出現(xiàn)明顯下降。

　　歐盟統(tǒng)計(jì)局是歐盟的統(tǒng)計(jì)機(jī)構(gòu)，負(fù)責(zé)提供高質(zhì)量的統(tǒng)計(jì)信息，以支持歐盟機(jī)構(gòu)、各國(guó)政府和其他利益相關(guān)者的決策過(guò)程。它在歐盟委員會(huì)的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)下運(yùn)作，在收集、分析和發(fā)布?xì)W盟成員國(guó)的數(shù)據(jù)方面發(fā)揮著至關(guān)重要的作用，從而可以在國(guó)家和地區(qū)之間進(jìn)行比較。

　　2022 年 6 月，個(gè)人交通燃油價(jià)格達(dá)到最高點(diǎn)，通脹率達(dá)到 +39.2%。然而，到2023年6月，年通脹率已降至-15.7%，價(jià)格下降的趨勢(shì)一直持續(xù)到2024年。2024年8月，燃油和潤(rùn)滑油價(jià)格比上年下降6.1%，表明2024年之后進(jìn)一步企穩(wěn)。過(guò)去幾年經(jīng)歷的極端波動(dòng)。

　　柴油與汽油趨勢(shì)

　　該報(bào)告強(qiáng)調(diào)，柴油和汽油的價(jià)格也呈現(xiàn)波動(dòng)模式。 2024 年 8 月，柴油價(jià)格比 2023 年 8 月下降了 7.4%，汽油價(jià)格下降了 5.5%。雖然 2020 年至 2023 年初期間汽油價(jià)格的漲幅通常高于柴油，但從 2021 年 9 月至 2023 年 3 月，柴油價(jià)格的漲幅超過(guò)了汽油。 2024 年 6 月至 8 月，柴油漲幅再次高于汽油。

　　特定國(guó)家/地區(qū)的價(jià)格下降

　　到 2024 年 8 月，24 個(gè)歐盟國(guó)家報(bào)告燃料和潤(rùn)滑油價(jià)格出現(xiàn)負(fù)年變化率。其中，瑞典降幅最大，為-20.7%，其次是比利時(shí)（-8.9%）和斯洛伐克（-8.4%）。另一方面，馬耳他沒(méi)有變化，而羅馬尼亞（+2.4%）和愛(ài)爾蘭（+4.0%）的價(jià)格則上漲。

　　成員國(guó)之間的這種差異反映了不同的國(guó)家政策和外部影響。例如，馬耳他的燃油價(jià)格自2020年起受到監(jiān)管，盡管外部市場(chǎng)波動(dòng)，但價(jià)格仍保持穩(wěn)定。

　　展望未來(lái)

　　近年來(lái)燃料和潤(rùn)滑油價(jià)格的波動(dòng)凸顯了全球重大事件對(duì)通脹的影響，特別是疫情和烏克蘭沖突。然而，到 2024 年，出現(xiàn)了趨于穩(wěn)定的趨勢(shì)，整個(gè)歐盟的月度價(jià)格變化較小。該數(shù)據(jù)來(lái)自消費(fèi)者價(jià)格協(xié)調(diào)指數(shù)（HICP），凸顯出雖然波動(dòng)性可能有所放緩，但市場(chǎng)對(duì)外部經(jīng)濟(jì)狀況仍然敏感。

　　有關(guān)燃料和潤(rùn)滑油價(jià)格以及其他通脹指標(biāo)的更多詳細(xì)數(shù)據(jù)，請(qǐng)?jiān)L問(wèn)歐盟統(tǒng)計(jì)局官方網(wǎng)站。

　　EU fuel and lubricant prices down 6.1% in August 2024

　　Fuel and lubricant prices across the European Union (EU) have experienced sharp volatility since 2020, primarily due to the COVID-19 pandemic and the ongoing Russian invasion of Ukraine. According to Eurostat’s latest report released on October 8, 2024, after reaching record highs in 2022, the prices have seen significant fluctuations, with a marked drop in 2023 and 2024.

　　Eurostat is the statistical office of the EU, responsible for providing high-quality statistical information to support the decision-making processes of EU institutions, national governments, and other stakeholders. It operates under the European Commission and plays a crucial role in collecting, analysing, and publishing data from EU member states, allowing comparisons between countries and regions.

　　In June 2022, fuel prices for personal transport hit their highest point, with inflation peaking at +39.2%. However, by June 2023, the annual inflation rate had dropped to -15.7%, and the trend of lower prices has continued into 2024. In August 2024, fuel and lubricant prices were 6.1% lower than the previous year, indicating a further stabilisation after the extreme fluctuations experienced over the past few years.

　　Diesel versus petrol trends

　　The report highlights that the price of diesel and petrol has also followed volatile patterns. In August 2024, diesel prices were 7.4% lower, and petrol prices 5.5% lower than in August 2023. While petrol prices typically increased more than diesel between 2020 and early 2023, diesel prices outpaced petrol from September 2021 to March 2023. However, in June through August 2024, diesel once again experienced higher increases than petrol.

　　Country-specific price drops

　　By August 2024, 24 EU countries reported negative annual rates of change in fuel and lubricant prices. Among them, Sweden saw the steepest decline at -20.7%, followed by Belgium (-8.9%) and Slovakia (-8.4%). On the other end, Malta recorded no change, while Romania (+2.4%) and Ireland (+4.0%) experienced a rise in prices.

　　This variability among member states reflects differing national policies and external influences. For instance, fuel prices in Malta have been regulated since 2020, which has led to stable pricing despite external market fluctuations.

　　Looking ahead

　　The volatility in fuel and lubricant prices in recent years underscores the impact of major global events on inflation, particularly the pandemic and the conflict in Ukraine. However, in 2024, there has been a trend towards stabilisation, with smaller monthly price variations reported across the EU. The data, sourced from the Harmonised Index of Consumer Prices (HICP), highlights that while volatility may have slowed, the market remains sensitive to external economic conditions.

　　For more detailed data on fuel and lubricant prices and other inflation indicators, visit Eurostat’s official website.